This lecture examines the crucial elements of drafting a workplace drug and alcohol testing policy within the South African regulatory framework. It underscores the necessity of aligning the policy with the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa—the highest law in the country—while also considering statutes, common law, customary law, case law, international law, and foreign law. The discussion extends to the integration of sound scientific protocols and ethical considerations into the policy to ensure its effectiveness and legality. The session will highlight the main legal and ethical principles that should guide workplace drug and alcohol testing programs, offering insights into creating policies that not only comply with legal standards but also respect individual rights and scientific integrity.