Medical professionals involved in workplace drug testing in South African testing are occupational health doctors and sisters who usually function as Medical Review Officer (MRO) and Medical Review Assistant (MRA), respectively. This profession is not a regulated field of practice by the Health Professions Society (HPCSA) currently. It must be kept in mind that the threshold-compliance approach in workplace drug testing functions essentially in a semi-judicial environment that requires a due process to be followed in both legal and scientific terms and the principles of natural justice. A legally defensible approach requires an MRO to be a professionally registered medical doctor to manage drug tests, including preliminary screening and analytical confirmation tests.

• The following points are essential functions of a medical review officer (MRO):
• The following points are essential functions of a medical review assistant (MRA):
• Legal challenges for the MRO:
• Ethical challenges related to the “Doctor-patient relationship.”
• Current trends in South Africa